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DVNR: When Cartoon Restoration Goes Bad

Bimbo's Initiation DVNRThere’s been a lot of griping and grousing recently on animation message boards (HERE, HERE and HERE) about DVNR. What’s that you say? DVNR stands for “digital video noise reduction” and it’s one of the many ways that studios ruin classic cartoons when they release them onto home video. The telecine technology was originally intended as an affordable way of digitally cleaning up dirt and grain when film is transferred to tape. It typically works fine for live-action films, but if used carelessly with animation (as it most often is), it ends up erasing and distorting parts of the image.

For a more detailed explanation of DVNR (also known as DNR) and how it compromises the integrity of the cartoon image, here’s a link to a piece I wrote back in 1999 while I was working at ANIMATION WORLD MAGAZINE. You’d think six years later, the studios would have learned something, but they’re as negligent as ever. Recent releases of Rocky & Bullwinkle, Woody Woodpecker, Tom & Jerry and Looney Tunes have all been marred by DVNR technology. The irony is that many times when studios release a “digitally restored/remastered” version of a cartoon, it looks worse than in previous “unrestored” editions.

Here’s a terrific new piece at Lyris-Lite.net that specifically illustrates the DVNR artifacting in WB, Disney and MGM cartoon releases. Though the article shows examples of a DVNR’d Disney cartoon, they are incidentally the studio that has been best at preventing DVNR and deserve praise for their generally careful restoration of classic cartoons.

UPDATE: Thanks to Boing Boing for their post about DVNR.

Tom and Jerry DVNR

Kartoon Kocktail

This sounds like a fun Bay Area event taking place this Friday, April 8:

Kartoon Kocktail 2005 is the second annual screening of independent animation and comics performance, set to coincide with the Alternative Press Expo. This shimmery, silly two hours of cartoon fun is organized by Stefan Gruber, Davey Oil, Fausto Caceres, and Jesse Reklaw.

Featuring Kartoons by Tom Neely, Stefan Gruber, Melody Yenn, Shynola, Rebecca Rojer, Irene Arifin, Peter Richardson, Seattle Experimental Animation Team, Chris Romano, Kristen McCormick, Jeff Roysdon, Amy Lockhart, Monkmus, Hickee, and Tim Miller.

Complete details HERE.

Tom Neely cartoon

Flight 2

Rodolphe Guenoden

FLIGHT 2 debuts this weekend at the Alternative Press Expo (APE) in San Francisco. FLIGHT is, in short, one of the most original and visually satisfying comic anthologies being published today. It’s the type of comic that makes me excited about making a trip to the comic book shop, which is indeed a rare occurence for me nowadays. There’s a lengthy preview for the second volume posted HERE. The book has plenty of contributions from animation folk including Michel Gagné, Doug TenNapel, Ovi Nedelcu, Ryan Sias and Justin Ridge. FLIGHT editor Kazu Kibuishi, who I had the pleasure of meeting a couple months back, also has a background in animation. In fact, he left animation last year to focus purely on comic book work. He told an interviewer recently, “Working in animation, I felt I was being stretched a little too thin on multiple aspects of 3D production… My love was not in the technical aspects of production, but in the writing and storytelling aspect of it all.” Now with FLIGHT, Kazu has created a wonderful outlet where all types of great artists have the opportunity to tell great stories.

Doug TenNapel

The Girls Productions

Undertaker Band by Amanda Visell

The Girls Productions is a new animation company founded by illustrator/painter Amanda Visell and writer Michelle Valigura. Both of them used to work in stop motion as sculptors and fabricators, but they’re now developing their own animation projects. Currently posted on their site are a number of Visell’s paintings, which have a playful quality with pleasing colors and shapes. There are promises of more content to come.

Bring Me the head of Charlie Brown

BRING ME THE HEAD OF CHARLIE BROWN is an amusing late-’80s student film parodying the Charlie Brown animated specials. When I first watched it, I thought it really felt like a CalArts film, and indeed the credits reveal that it is, but what’s interesting to note is that it’s the student film of longtime SIMPSONS director Jim Reardon. Other familiar industry names also appear in the credits. Download the film HERE (33mb). (Video posted at AnimeHell.org). (Thanks, Chris Sobieniak)
Update: New link HERE.

Bring Me The Head of Charlie Brown

POwerpuff Girls Z

Powerpuff Girls ZFrom the “Isn’t This Incestuous Dep’t.”: At the recent Tokyo Animation Fair, Toei Animation, Aniplex and Cartoon Network announced a new series tentatively titled DAMESHITAA! POWERPUFF GIRLS Z. So the POWERPUFF GIRLS, an American cartoon that was originally inspired by Japanese anime, has now been optioned by the Japanese and translated back into a very conventional-looking piece of TV anime. Noticeable differences in the new version are that the Powerpuff Girls are now older, have fingers instead of stub-hands, carry weapons, and the Professor has been turned into an angry-looking preschooler. Promotional art can be seen HERE and HERE, while stills from the pilot episode are HERE. (Thanks, Scott Warren)

More on Animation’s Greatest Executive

leonwb.jpg The post I did a couple days ago, “Animation’s Greatest Executives”, wasn’t really intended to be about Leon Schlesinger, but that’s what Mark Evanier and Larry Loc are talking about. So while we’re on the subject of Leon, here’s a great story from Warner Bros. background painter Zach Schwartz about his dealings with Leon.

UPA founder Zach Schwartz recalls his experience when he started at Schlesinger’s in the Thirties:

[I was] full of all the marvelous things I was going to do for animation, the color schemes and the compositions I was going to bring there. I was sitting there painting some watercolors one day and a fat, red, pudgy finger came over my shoulder, and the finger said, ‘Use poiple. We got poiple now. Use it!’ It turned out to be Leon Schlesinger, who didn’t care a terrible lot about the quality of his films. He just liked to be able to get them out on time, and get them over to Warner Bros. But they had finally gotten Technicolor, after muddling around with a two-color process that turned everything brown or green, and he was so proud of the fact that they had purple that he couldn’t stand it, because I was painting everything yellow.

Animation’s greatest executives

Leon SchlesingerIt’s time for my monthly “things could-be-so-much-better” post. When I complain about the state of the industry, friends frequently tell me, “But look at how much better animation is today than it was twenty years ago…” True. But shouldn’t we be asking, “How much better could it be?” Look at the talent working in the business today. It’s a solid bet that there are more talented individuals working in animation today than at anytime since the 1950s. And yet, you’d never know that from looking at the product that makes it into theaters and onto television. Granted, it may be a step or two above THE HARLEM GLOBETROTTERS MEET THE FONZ or whatever the hell they were doing back in the 70s and 80s, but since when have Filmation and Hanna-Barbera been the yardstick of quality by which all other animation is judged.

So how much better could animation be? That question could be answered with more questions, like, Why doesn’t Michel Gagné have a show on the air? Why doesn’t Aaron Springer have his own show? How did James Baxter work at DreamWorks and all we ended up with was SPIRIT? The list goes on forever. Fortunately artists are smarter today than they’ve ever been. If the industry can’t accommodate them, they create independently, just as all the artists I mentioned have done. But why not examine the source of the problem. Why is it impossible for talented artists to find support within their chosen industry?

As usual, we can learn from the past. Let’s look at how some great animation executives of the past supported their talent — executives with last names like Schlesinger, Quimby and Selzer. These guys get a bum wrap in history books, but many of the greatest cartoons were made under their watch. What was their secret? What did they do that today’s executives don’t? Here’s director Tex Avery speaking about his experience with executive Leon Schlesinger at Warners:

“We worked every night — Jones, Clampett, and I were all young and full of ambition. My gosh, nothing stopped us! We encouraged each other, and we really had a good ball rolling. I guess Schlesinger saw the light; he said, ‘Well, I’ll take you boys away from the main plant.’ He put us in our own little shack over on the [Warner Bros.] Sunset lot, completely separated from the Schlesinger studio, in some old dressing room or toilet or something, a little cottage sort of thing. We called it Termite Terrace. And he was smart; he didn’t disturb us. We were all alone out there, and he knew nothing of what went on.”

The key isn’t to be completely oblivious to your studio’s operations. Schlesinger recognized talent. He had the good sense of hiring Avery away from Walter Lantz. And then he built a team, partnering Avery with like-minded individuals such as Chuck Jones and Bob Clampett. But then he did one more thing that today’s execs don’t — he trusted his talent. He created the environment in which his talent could flourish; Avery, Clampett and Jones were willing to work all night because they knew their work wouldn’t be trashed the following morning by Schlesinger.

Sure, Leon may have spent his weekday afternoons playing eighteen holes or chasing the pretty secretaries around his yacht, but he’d already laid the foundation for the creation of great animated entertainment. The results of Schlesinger’s business acumen? Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck and some of the finest cartoons ever made. Executives today are afraid to invest that amount of control and trust into their artists. They insist on putting their “personal stamp” on everything that gets produced, and they do so at the expense of stifling the artist’s creativity. It’s not that the industry has lost its ability to produce great cartoons — rather the powers-in-charge have gone to extreme lengths to ensure that the conditions which would allow for the creation of quality animation don’t exist. The solution? Today’s animation executives need to spend more time aboard their yachts.

Update (9:34am): Mark Evanier has a nice response to this piece at his always enjoyable blog NewsFromME.com. He agrees with the premise of these comments, but isn’t quite so head-over-heels for Schlesinger.

Seth MacFarlane Speaks

There’s a first time for everything, and I believe this is the first time I’ve ever agreed with something FAMILY GUY creator Seth MacFarlane has said or done. In this week’s NEWSWEEK article about the upcoming return of FAMILY GUY to Fox primetime, MacFarlane says of Fox’s original decision to cancel the show: “They kept the show on longer than they really should’ve. Canceling it was absolutely the right decision.” Can’t argue with that. And to celebrate the return of the show, here’s a link to Jaime Weinman’s piece “Why I Hate FAMILY GUY.” Also can’t argue with that, though I could easily list twice as many reasons for why this show represents the nadir of primetime tv animation.

Hey Look!

Hey Look!

Harvey Kurtzman is among a handful of cartoonists who can be labeled a true genius, and just one example of his genius can be found in his pre-MAD comic strip HEY LOOK!, which he created in 1946. These full-page strips still look and feel remarkably fresh today, nearly sixty years after they were first drawn. They were reprinted in a book collection in the early-90s which is now out of print, but it’s possible to see over 150 of the HEY LOOK! strips online at the Cartoonist Group. When you go to the search page, just select Harvey Kurtzman as the artist. For even rarer Kurtzman, check out this amazing Cartoon Retro forum thread. (HEY LOOK! link via Frog Blog)

Ace in the Hole

Whoever said corporations don’t listen to their customers? Cartoon Brew has found out that following the embarassing debut of LOONATICS, the fine folks at Warner Bros. have taken significant steps to improve the quality of that cartoon concept. Here’s a chart to help you understand the comprehensive changes WB has made.

Loonatics Name Change